Essays on theology, Scripture, church history, and ministry by Logan Lancour.https://theologan.org/en-ushttps://theologan.org/articles/romans-8-be-assured/https://theologan.org/articles/romans-8-be-assured/Have you ever wondered if God truly loves you no matter what? Is there anything you could do to make Him stop loving you? These are questions that God's people and indeed all people have struggled with for all of time, and still struggle with today.Sat, 18 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMTSermonssermonromansassuranceperseverancesufferingexpository-preachinghttps://theologan.org/articles/riveting-rend-resulting-return/https://theologan.org/articles/riveting-rend-resulting-return/It is truly an honor to be here with you today and to open God's Word together.Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMTSermonssermongenesisthe-fallprotoevangeliumchristologyexpository-preachinghttps://theologan.org/articles/all-of-grace-titus-2/https://theologan.org/articles/all-of-grace-titus-2/Good Morning, Church! Have you ever experienced a miracle? How has God worked wondrously in your life? Has He healed a disease, kept you safe in a perilous situation, or delivered you from something that only He could?Thu, 04 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMTSermonssermontitussoteriologysanctificationadventaugustineexpository-preachinghttps://theologan.org/articles/justice-mercy-day-of-the-lord/https://theologan.org/articles/justice-mercy-day-of-the-lord/Good morning, friends! I want you to imagine you're relaxing on a cold, rainy night, watching your favorite movie or television show, or your favorite sports team, with a nice cup of hot tea in your hand. You are utterly comfortable, sleepy even, and then… suddenly, you hear them—a whirlwind of sound, a crack of thunder, an alarm of coming danger, and you're terrified.Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMTSermonssermonjoelday-of-the-lordjudgmentrepentanceeschatologyexpository-preachinghttps://theologan.org/articles/christian-leadership-nature-and-significance/https://theologan.org/articles/christian-leadership-nature-and-significance/The Christian life is marked by numerous paradoxes. To name a few, Christians live by dying (John 12:24-25), are exalted by humiliation (Matt. 23:12; James 4:10; Phil. 2:5-11), and are freed from sin by being bound to Christ (Rom.Fri, 31 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministryleadershippastoral-ministrychristologyservanthoodsanctificationecclesiologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/systematic-approach-to-expository-preaching/https://theologan.org/articles/systematic-approach-to-expository-preaching/Expository preaching is a central function and practice of the Christian ministry because it is through the proclamation of the Word that God reveals Himself to the world, saves His people, and ordains them to service for His glory. It is God's appointed means by which He makes Himself known. Therefore, a systematic theology of preaching must not begin with those who exposit the Scriptures or those who hear the message, but with God Himself, who speaks, saves, and sanctifies through His written and spoken Word.Sat, 25 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministrypreachingbibliologyrevelationtrinitygreat-commissionpastoral-ministryhttps://theologan.org/articles/from-plant-to-parish/https://theologan.org/articles/from-plant-to-parish/Canyon Missional Community (CMC) is a church plant located in Canyon, TX, approximately twenty minutes south of Amarillo, TX. Roughly three years ago, First Presbyterian Church of Amarillo sent Pastor Kim Talley and a team of elders and deacons to plant a church near the West Texas A&M campus. Thus, CMC is thoroughly concerned with reaching students with the Gospel of Christ, yet it is not a campus ministry.Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologypresbyterianismsacramentschurch-plantingcovenantreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/for-the-church-2025/https://theologan.org/articles/for-the-church-2025/In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Pastoral Ministry/Leadership Practicum at Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary (MBTS), I had the God-given privilege of attending the annual For the Church conference virtually and reading a wide range of books on Christian leadership and pastoral ministry. The conference's theme in 2025 was "Kingdom Come: Ministry in Light of Glory." The morale and energy of the conference reflected this: The Kingdom had come, and the King was present in our worship and the proclamation of His Word.Mon, 06 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministrypastoral-ministryleadershipkingdom-of-godprayerpreachinghttps://theologan.org/articles/letter-james-1-27-orphanages/https://theologan.org/articles/letter-james-1-27-orphanages/My friend, I appreciate and value your heart for orphans, for Jesus Himself cared for those in need and commanded His disciples to do the same (Matt. 25:35-40). Likewise, James, as you have pointed out, admonishes his audience: "Religion that is pure and undefiled before God the Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their affliction, and to keep oneself unstained from the world" (Jas 1:27).Sat, 04 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologymercy-ministryorphan-carejamespastoral-letterphilosophy-of-ministryhttps://theologan.org/articles/whats-best-next/https://theologan.org/articles/whats-best-next/Matt Perman is a Christian author and thinker who has worked at the intersection of theology and productivity for many years. He previously served at Desiring God under John Piper and later with Made to Flourish, an organization that equips pastors and churches for flourishing ministries. Currently, he is employed by King's College in New York City, where he serves as the Director of Career Development—a fitting position for someone with as much expertise in the areas of productivity and growth.Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewmatt-permanvocationcommon-gracegospel-driven-productivitypastoral-ministryhttps://theologan.org/articles/letter-corporate-worship-part-two/https://theologan.org/articles/letter-corporate-worship-part-two/My friend, I have noticed that you prefer prayer services and dialogue more than the preaching and teaching of the Word of God. It is okay that you have preferences, but I sincerely want you to see that sermons and lessons are as important as other aspects of Christian fellowship. I am writing you to encourage you to delight in such things.Sat, 27 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologypreachingcorporate-worshippastoral-letterreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/letter-corporate-worship-part-one/https://theologan.org/articles/letter-corporate-worship-part-one/Dear brother, why do you neglect to worship with us on Sundays? I know you believe worship is a lifestyle; indeed, it is. But you are missing out on so much when you are not there.Sat, 20 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologycorporate-worshiplords-daysacramentspastoral-letterreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-two-sacraments/https://theologan.org/articles/the-two-sacraments/Rather than seven, as in Roman Catholicism and Orthodox expressions of the Christian Faith, most Protestant denominations have two sacraments: Baptism and the Lord's Supper or Holy Communion. This brief paper will focus on these two sacraments as proper, examine their significance as means of grace, and declare their proper methodologies and details of their administration, answering the questions, "In what way do they communicate grace, by whom are they administered, to whom are they administered, and in what setting?"Sat, 13 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentssacramentsbaptismlords-suppermeans-of-gracespiritual-presencepaedobaptismreformedecclesiologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/church-offices/https://theologan.org/articles/church-offices/The Apostle Peter's words are profound: "As each has received a gift, use it to serve one another, as good stewards of God's varied grace: whoever speaks, as one who speaks oracles of God; whoever serves, as one who serves by the strength that God supplies—in order that in everything God may be glorified through Jesus Christ" (1 Pet. 4:10-11). Not only do these words demonstrate the supremacy of Christ working in His people through varied gifts, but they also demonstrate the three offices of the church: member, elder, and deacon.Sat, 06 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologychurch-officeseldersdeaconsmembershippriesthood-of-believersreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/what-constitutes-sound-polity/https://theologan.org/articles/what-constitutes-sound-polity/Sound polity in the local church is essential for a healthy ministry marked by faithfulness to Christ and His gospel, for polity determines how a church is structured, led, and connected to other churches. From a Presbyterian perspective, sound polity is characterized by covenantal membership, governance by elders and presbyters in graded courts, and binding association with other churches for accountability and mission. This short essay will examine the characteristics of polity and how they are understood by Presbyterians, while engaging the Baptist perspective.Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologypolitymembershippresbyterianismcongregationalismreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/what-constitutes-a-true-church/https://theologan.org/articles/what-constitutes-a-true-church/Throughout church history, there have been various debates over what constitutes a church, yet there has been much consensus as well. The marks of the church are agreed upon by virtually all Christians; differences arise in their understanding and practice. While much could be said of the denominational differences in interpretation, this short essay will be concerned with the marks in an objective sense, interpreted in light of Scripture and history.Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologymarks-of-the-churchapostolicityreformationword-and-sacramentreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/lords-supper-in-the-reformation-era/https://theologan.org/articles/lords-supper-in-the-reformation-era/Throughout church history, the Lord's Supper has been a crucial aspect of Christian worship, yet the meaning of Christ's mighty words in instituting the sacrament has been widely disputed. Therefore, the practice of the Lord's Supper, following its varying interpretations, has also varied. This brief essay, composed of a historical narrative section and a case study, will examine these understandings, primarily focusing on the Reformation's practice and understanding of the Lord's Supper, as the Reformation Era represents many different positions on the sacrament.Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentssacramentslords-suppereucharistreformationcalvinhistorical-theologyreformedextra-calvinisticumhttps://theologan.org/articles/congregational-polity-a-presbyterian-critique/https://theologan.org/articles/congregational-polity-a-presbyterian-critique/Congregational polity, a longtime distinctive of Baptist ecclesiology, is rooted in Biblical convictions and historical development. John S. Hammett describes the polity of Baptist churches this way: "Baptists have stood virtuously unanimously in favor of congregational church government… In this model, the congregation exercises the ultimate human authority in the church, under Christ's divine authority.Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologypolitycongregationalismpresbyterianismbaptistreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-modern-era/https://theologan.org/articles/the-modern-era/The Modern Era has seen significant advancements in practical pneumatology, which elaborates on who the Holy Spirit is and explains how He strengthens or sanctifies Christians. He is the root and cause of sanctification. Jonathan Edwards explains it well:Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historyhistorical-theologypneumatologysanctificationecclesiologymissiologyeschatologydispensationalismhttps://theologan.org/articles/why-i-am-not-a-baptist/https://theologan.org/articles/why-i-am-not-a-baptist/Simply put, I am not a Baptist because I am a Presbyterian. Presbyterianism offers a more coherent and systematic expression of the Christian Faith that better aligns with Scripture, historical developments in light of Scripture, and theological doctrines derived from Scripture. This short essay will demonstrate my rationale for embracing a Presbyterian identity, particularly focusing on the doctrine of baptism, especially paedobaptism and baptismal efficacy.Sat, 26 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentssacramentsbaptismpaedobaptismbaptismal-efficacycovenant-theologypresbyterianismreformedwestminster-confessionhttps://theologan.org/articles/baptist-church-leadership-19th-20th-centuries/https://theologan.org/articles/baptist-church-leadership-19th-20th-centuries/This brief essay will examine some of the distinctives of Baptist leadership in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and compare them with Baptist convictions today. The primary focus will be on lay leadership, which is explicitly concerned with the Baptist doctrines of regenerate church membership and the priesthood of all believers.Sat, 12 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historychurch-historybaptistregenerate-membershippriesthood-of-believerslay-leadershipdaggb-h-carrollsbchttps://theologan.org/articles/the-reformation-era/https://theologan.org/articles/the-reformation-era/Curialism is the position that the Roman Pontiff or Pope has ultimate authority over the church and is "the vicar of Christ on earth… entrusted with the keys of the kingdom as Peter's proper heir. Therefore, he ha[s] final authority, even over the gathered consensus of councils." Conciliarism, on the other hand, posits that "church councils were to be the voice of tradition, wielding authority over the most prestigious of popes." These two positions clashed on many occasions, two of which were the "Great Western Schism" (1378-1417) and the Council of Constance (1414-1418), the latter in which it had seemed that conciliarism had won.Sat, 12 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historyreformationhistorical-theologyluthercalvinsynod-of-dorttulipsola-scripturamarks-of-the-churchhttps://theologan.org/articles/church-membership-policy-proposal/https://theologan.org/articles/church-membership-policy-proposal/While we are a Presbyterian church in a Presbyterian denomination, we can learn much from our Baptist brothers in Christ. One of the valuable teachings we would be wise to adopt is meaningful membership—"membership is not simply the record of a statement we once made or an affection toward a familiar place. It must be the reflection of a living commitment, or it is worthless." Membership commands our utmost commitment.Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologychurch-membershipchurch-disciplinepresbyterianismcovenantreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-church-in-the-medieval-era/https://theologan.org/articles/the-church-in-the-medieval-era/The Medieval Era, also known as the Middle Ages, spanned from the late fifth century to the late fifteenth century. After the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD, Europe entered a period of profound change, affecting various aspects of society, including religion. Of course, "the church itself was a political and culture-shaping enterprise," entangled with society, yet changing along with it, developing in new ways while striving to remain faithful to the Christian message of Christ crucified for the salvation of sinners.Sat, 29 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historyhistorical-theologypapacytransubstantiationlords-supperconstantinechurch-historyhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-patristic-period-part-two/https://theologan.org/articles/the-patristic-period-part-two/"Hippolytus (c. 170-235) was the bishop of Rome in the third century and composed an important manual of church order titled On the Apostolic Tradition," in which he presents a peculiar formula for the catechesis and baptism of new converts. Following an examination period of three years and a time of fasting and prayer, the new Christians were immersed in the waters of baptism threefold, once for each person of the Trinity, while simultaneously replying that they believe in each person.Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historypatristicshistorical-theologyatonementchristus-victorpenal-substitutionaugustinepelagianismscripture-and-traditionhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-patristic-period-part-one/https://theologan.org/articles/the-patristic-period-part-one/Grandmasters spend much time behind the chessboard, and aspiring grandmasters spend much time behind the board, staring over the backs of those who have reached the coveted rank. Likewise, "the onlooker [of any chess game] is forced to survey the chessboard and make an assessment of what has happened, who is winning, whose turn is next, and who has the advantage. The onlooker observes the game in progress, and, using her knowledge of the game, evaluates the strategies in play to appreciate what is happening." Historical theology is much the same as this game of chess: "Christians of the present and future, once they start their journey in the Christian life, either as individuals or in local churches, are put in the position of the onlooker.Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historypatristicshistorical-theologychalcedonchristologytrinityprosopological-exegesiscouncilshttps://theologan.org/articles/the-resurrection-myth-or-miracle/https://theologan.org/articles/the-resurrection-myth-or-miracle/Yesterday, I sat huddled in a corner of a little coffee shop, pen in my hand, a book in my lap, and my Bible spread out on the table before me, flatter and broader than a Texas sunset. Because the Word of God was my main focus as I pondered over the measurements of distances, I was reminded of a verse: "May [you] have [the] strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth, and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God" (Eph.Thu, 06 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMTApologeticsapologeticsresurrectionmiracleshumetolkienc-s-lewisevidentialismhttps://theologan.org/articles/abortion-down-syndrome-and-the-image-of-god/https://theologan.org/articles/abortion-down-syndrome-and-the-image-of-god/According to the Global Down Syndrome Foundation, "approximately 67 percent of babies diagnosed with Down syndrome are aborted." This number is far too high. To think that the world could have over twice as many individuals with Down syndrome as it does at this moment is something that should be fought for, embraced, and encouraged, for individuals with Down syndrome are people made in God's Image, too. If I were ever asked for advice concerning the abortion of a baby diagnosed with this genetic syndrome, the Image of God and the sanctity of human life would be my resting place.Sat, 22 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMTChristian Ethicsethicsabortionsanctity-of-lifeimago-deidown-syndromebonhoefferbioethicshttps://theologan.org/articles/reformed-epistemology-versus-classical-apologetics/https://theologan.org/articles/reformed-epistemology-versus-classical-apologetics/Reformed epistemology and classical apologetics are two philosophical approaches to demonstrating the rationality of belief in God. Reformed epistemology asserts that belief in God is properly basic—rationally justified apart from external evidence—while classical apologetics seeks to offer and argue for evidence for God from nature or history, providing a logical defense. Rather than being contradictory, these approaches are complementary.Sat, 15 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMTApologeticsapologeticsreformed-epistemologyclassical-apologeticsproperly-basiccalvinnatural-theologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/marriage-and-sexuality/https://theologan.org/articles/marriage-and-sexuality/There are few words more profound than these: "I take thee… to have and to hold from this day forward, for better for worse, for richer for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death us do part, according to God's holy ordinance." These words are so often said in a traditional wedding service, and they greatly reflect the commitment in marriage demonstrated in God's Word.Sat, 01 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMTChristian Ethicsethicsmarriagecovenantchrist-and-churchsanctity-of-marriagehttps://theologan.org/articles/critique-of-the-humanist-manifesto-ii/https://theologan.org/articles/critique-of-the-humanist-manifesto-ii/The Humanist Manifesto II is the second iteration of a historic humanist document from the American Humanist Association, whose tagline is "Good without a God." This horrendous statement should provide readers with adequate information about the association's religious affiliation. Indeed, they have none and are even anti-theistic or atheistic and reject God. How does this rejection of God affect their ethical position?Sat, 25 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMTChristian Ethicsethicshumanismworldviewsexual-ethicssecularismnatural-lawapologeticshttps://theologan.org/articles/worldviews-christianity-and-naturalism/https://theologan.org/articles/worldviews-christianity-and-naturalism/Christianity, similarly to Islam and Judaism, posits that there is a singular God and, therefore, the world's largest religion is monotheistic. Yet, Christianity has vast differences with other monotheistic traditions. In other words, the three major monotheistic religions believe in the existence of a singular God, yet they understand His nature differently, resulting in either a flawed view of God or belief in different gods entirely.Sat, 25 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMTApologeticsapologeticsworldviewnaturalismgeneral-revelationspecial-revelationepistemologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/defining-biblical-theology/https://theologan.org/articles/defining-biblical-theology/Biblical Theology is the discipline of seeking to understand individual passages of Scripture and Scripture's overall narrative and theme. It is composed of analyzing individual passages, determining their meaning, theological implications, and doctrines, and synthesizing Scripture's passages and their biblical messages, themes, and doctrines into a comprehensive theology of God's Word. In other words, individual passages are interpreted and related to other passages so that the Bible's overarching narrative and theme are discovered.Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMTSystematic Theologybiblical-theologyhermeneuticstypologytheological-methodprogressive-revelationhttps://theologan.org/articles/melchizedek-and-the-messiah/https://theologan.org/articles/melchizedek-and-the-messiah/Most Christians are unaware that the Bible has more than one priesthood. They are familiar with the well-known priesthood of the Old Testament, and if they are exceptionally savvy, they know it to be called the Levitical Priesthood. Still, most lay Christians often forget the second priesthood.Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMTSystematic Theologychristologyhebrewsmelchizedekpriesthood-of-christtypologybiblical-theologypsalm-110https://theologan.org/articles/facets-of-pastoral-ministry/https://theologan.org/articles/facets-of-pastoral-ministry/The pastor's job is a difficult one. Not only are they expected to carry out their duties on Sunday at church and other weekly meetings, but their responsibilities transcend what is commonly assumed. Sunday services are expected to "be gospel-centered through regular preaching that lifts up Christ through the exposition of the Word, and [provide an] order of service that serve[s] to exalt Christ," yet this gospel-centeredness is not meant for Sundays alone.Thu, 05 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministrypastoral-ministryleadershippreachingdiscipleshipevangelismworshipphilosophy-of-ministryhttps://theologan.org/articles/pastoral-epistles-and-prayer/https://theologan.org/articles/pastoral-epistles-and-prayer/The spiritual disciplines assignment beginning in week one was transformative. I started the course very excited about this assignment, for I have previously struggled with Scripture reading and prayer, focusing most of my attention on my courses. While I recognize that learning is also a discipline to be embraced, I acknowledge now that it has led to the neglect of other, more crucial disciplines.Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministrypastoral-ministrypastoral-epistlesprayersanctificationspiritual-disciplineshttps://theologan.org/articles/gospel-centrality/https://theologan.org/articles/gospel-centrality/The biblical basis for Gospel centrality or centeredness is found in many sections of Scripture, but a passage that demonstrates this ideology and practice well is 1 Corinthians 15:3-4: "For I [Paul] delivered to you as of first importance what I also received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures." According to Jared Wilson in Gospel-Driven Ministry: An Introduction to the Calling and Work of a Pastor, Paul's statement of these facts that are "of first importance" do not "mean simply [that they are] of initial importance but of utmost, central importance." In other words, Paul saw a declaration of the Gospel as the most necessary, most helpful, and most God-glorifying Message to preach, because in this Message "of first importance" salvation is accomplished and communicated.Sat, 26 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministrypastoral-ministrygospel-centeredpreachingdiscipleshipsoul-carehttps://theologan.org/articles/angelology-against-the-darkness/https://theologan.org/articles/angelology-against-the-darkness/As said by Cole, "Scripture X needs to be in conversation with Scripture Y and Scripture Z. A tota scriptura approach is necessary" (p. 41). Therefore, it is appropriate to look towards the Epistle of Hebrews in which the author quotes Psalm 8 to inform his audience that Christ for a time was made lower than angels in His incarnation (Heb.Thu, 10 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTSystematic Theologyangelologydemonologysatanspiritual-warfaresons-of-godmillenniumhttps://theologan.org/articles/weekly-reflections-spiritual-disciplines/https://theologan.org/articles/weekly-reflections-spiritual-disciplines/In the first chapter of his book Spiritual Disciplines for the Christian Life, Donald S. Whitney argues that "the Spiritual Disciplines are those practices found in Scripture that promote spiritual growth among believers in the [G]ospel of Jesus Christ. They are the habits of devotion and experiential Christianity that have been practiced by the people of God since biblical times." He continues to explain that there are both personal, the kind on which the book focuses, and interpersonal Spiritual Disciplines.Thu, 10 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsspiritual-disciplinessanctificationprayerbible-intakeevangelismhttps://theologan.org/articles/sons-of-god-genesis-6/https://theologan.org/articles/sons-of-god-genesis-6/An interesting passage of Scripture, containing mythological elements akin to ancient Near Eastern mythologies, such as those from Canaan and Mesopotamia, is found in Genesis 6:1-4. In this text, the "sons of God" descend from heaven to mate with the "daughters of man," rebelling against the One True God and provoking God's righteous judgment through a devastating flood. This passage echoes themes found in the literature of the surrounding culture, such as the Epic of Atra-khasis and the Epic of Gilgamesh.Thu, 10 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTExegetical Papersold-testamentgenesissons-of-godnephilimcovenant-theologysethite-viewangelstypologyexegesishttps://theologan.org/articles/communicatio-idiomatum/https://theologan.org/articles/communicatio-idiomatum/The communicatio idiomatum, or the communication of properties, is a vital doctrine of Christology that safeguards the unity of Christ's person while affirming the integrity of His two natures. It reflects a theological method rooted in Chalcedonian Christology and the Reformed tradition, both of which confess that Christ's natures are without change, confusion, separation, and division. This paper will approach this doctrine from a Trinitarian, Chalcedonian, and Reformed framework, defining it in light of its biblical and historical interpretation, defending it against historical and contemporary distortions, and declaring it essential to proper Christology and the Christian Faith.Sat, 05 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTSystematic Theologychristologycommunicatio-idiomatumchalcedonhypostatic-unionextra-calvinisticumreformedlords-supperhttps://theologan.org/articles/trinitarian-inseparable-operations/https://theologan.org/articles/trinitarian-inseparable-operations/The Doctrine of Inseparable Operations is significant in Trinitarian studies and devotion. Because God is one, He also works as one in the economy of salvation; this truth is paramount to understanding God's work in the world and in individuals. Therefore, this paper will explore this doctrine in light of Scripture, Church history, and contemporary opinions, defining, defending, and declaring it central to the Christian Faith.Sat, 05 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTSystematic Theologytrinitydivine-simplicitycovenant-of-redemptionreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/tradition-and-scripture/https://theologan.org/articles/tradition-and-scripture/The relationship between Scripture and tradition has been a central debate in Christian theology for centuries. Theologians have long wrestled with how these two authorities interact and inform one another in the life of the Church. This paper will explore key arguments in this debate, focusing on a classically Protestant position.Sat, 05 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMTSystematic Theologyscripturetraditionsola-scripturainspirationinerrancysufficiencyreformedprolegomenahttps://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-br78-10-atd7/https://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-br78-10-atd7/Graham Cole's Seventh Chapter of Against the Darkness: The Doctrine of Angels, Satan, and Demons is titled "Spiritual Warfare." It provides in-depth definitions (pp. 164-165), perspectives (pp. 165-172), and approaches to the topic (pp.Sat, 28 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsreading-reflectionchristologycommunicatio-idiomatumchalcedonspiritual-warfarereformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/four-evangelism-follow-up-plans/https://theologan.org/articles/four-evangelism-follow-up-plans/Follow-ups are crucial to evangelism and discipleship, for they allow the contacts of evangelistic endeavors the opportunity to act on their decision, either good or bad. Those who respond a resounding "yes!" to Jesus when evangelized will ultimately be sanctified and matured by acts of follow-up. Still, those who respond "no!" to Jesus will either be encouraged to say "yes!" through follow-up or will further turn from the Savior.Sat, 28 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTEvangelism & Discipleshipevangelismdiscipleshipfollow-upassurancehttps://theologan.org/articles/three-models-of-discipleship/https://theologan.org/articles/three-models-of-discipleship/Models of discipleship are helpful tools for evangelism and discipleship practices. They seek to systematically present the contents, doctrines, and imperatives of the Bible concerning such disciplines concisely so that they can be incorporated into Christians' ministries. This paper will evaluate three of these models built by various Christian institutions.Sat, 28 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTEvangelism & Discipleshipdiscipleshipevangelismecclesiologygospelhttps://theologan.org/articles/decree-of-god-acts-9/https://theologan.org/articles/decree-of-god-acts-9/Acts 9:15-30 reveals the story of the Apostle Paul's hearing of the Gospel, salvation, and follow-up:Sat, 21 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTExegetical Papersnew-testamentactspaulconversionevangelismdiscipleshipfollow-upelectionexegesishttps://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-gwa3-atd5/https://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-gwa3-atd5/In Part Three, "The Character of God's Word and Contemporary Challenges," of God's Word Alone: The Authority of Scripture, Matthew Barrett systematically argues that Scripture is inspired by God or "God-breathed" (2 Tim. 3:16), that its authority proceeds from its inspiration by the Holy Spirit, and that it deserves the most profound respect (p. 223-224).Sat, 14 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsreading-reflectionsola-scripturainerrancyperspicuitysufficiencydemonologyreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/evaluation-of-gospel-plans/https://theologan.org/articles/evaluation-of-gospel-plans/Gospel plans and tracts are beneficial ways of sharing the Gospel clearly, for they often incorporate a substantial amount of Scripture and present the Gospel in a form that is appealing to the eyes through graphics and understandable to broad audiences. This brief paper will examine four plans in light of various elements of the Gospel: humanity and sin, God and Christ, and faith and repentance.Sat, 07 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTEvangelism & Discipleshipevangelismgospelgospel-presentationsoteriologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-gwa2-atd4-br1/https://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-gwa2-atd4-br1/Matthew Barrett's Part Two of God's Word Alone: The Authority of Scripture, titled "God's Word in Redemptive History," is far shorter than the previous Part One but still most valuable and informative. The first chapter, "God's Word in the Economy of the Gospel: Covenant, Trinity, and the Necessity of a Saving Word," introduces the next two. Barrett first signifies the distinction between general and special revelation, declaring, "General revelation is sufficient to condemn [humanity], it is insufficient to save [humanity]...Sat, 07 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsreading-reflectionsola-scripturacovenanttrinitychristologyangelologyreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-gwa1-atd3/https://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-gwa1-atd3/In Part One, "God's Word under Fire, Yesterday and Today," of the book God's Word Alone: The Authority of Scripture, Matthew Barrett argues that biblical authority, sufficiency, inerrancy, and infallibility are central to Christian orthodoxy (pp. 23-27). Therefore, his task is to "answer contemporary challenges to sufficiency from traditionalism (with a particular focus on Rome and her view of the canon) to science and reason, and finally experience and culture" (p.Sat, 31 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsreading-reflectionsola-scripturabibliologytraditionangelologyreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/nt-evangelism-conversations/https://theologan.org/articles/nt-evangelism-conversations/Regarding evangelism and its Message, Charles Spurgeon declared, "If a man is to be used as a winner of souls, he must have spiritual life to a high degree… When the Holy Spirit dwells within a living child of God, He later rises out of the very midst of Him as a fountain or a river, so that others may come and participate in the Spirit's gracious influences." Spurgeon's declaration is best noticed in the life of Jesus, who possesses this spiritual life to the utmost degree and "serves as a model evangelist." Furthermore, the latter part of Spurgeon's quote demonstrates the perpetuation of the Gospel in that Jesus personally evangelized His disciples first to save them and then to make them "fishers of men." These followers, empowered by the Holy Spirit they received at Pentecost, are mimickers of Christ's evangelistic endeavors insofar that they would go on to evangelize the entire world.Sat, 31 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTEvangelism & Discipleshipevangelismnew-testamentgospelsactsgospelgreat-commissionhttps://theologan.org/articles/evangelism-and-discipleship/https://theologan.org/articles/evangelism-and-discipleship/As defined in the book Invitation to Evangelism: Sharing the Gospel with Compassion and Conviction by Timothy K. Beougher, Evangelism is "the compassionate sharing of the [G]ood [N]ews of Jesus Christ with lost people, in the power of the Holy Spirit, for the purpose of bringing them to Christ as Savior and Lord, that they in turn might share [H]im with others." The spirit of evangelism is compassion, the method is sharing, the content is Good News, the recipients are lost people, the power is the Holy Spirit, the purpose is to bring them to Christ as Savior and Lord, and the perpetuation is that they might win others to Christ.Sat, 24 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTEvangelism & Discipleshipevangelismdiscipleshipgospelgreat-commissionspiritual-disciplineshttps://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-faithful-theology-atd12/https://theologan.org/articles/reading-reflection-faithful-theology-atd12/Faithful Theology: An Introduction by Graham A. Cole is, precisely as the title says, a brief book on faithfulness in the theological process. In it, Cole posits that faithful theology involves five key elements: The Word of Revelation, The Witness of Christian Thought and Practice, The World of Human Brokenness, The Work of Wisdom, and The Way of Worship (pp.Sat, 24 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsreading-reflectiontheological-methodprolegomenasola-scripturaangelologyreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/god-is-unchangeably-good-james/https://theologan.org/articles/god-is-unchangeably-good-james/Patrick Schreiner, in his book The Visual Word: Illustrated Outlines of the New Testament Books, declares that James "1:13-18 issues a warning about distorted human desire, which can lure people away from relying on God's providence in their lives, especially during these hard times. They should not think God is tempting them during trials, because God only gives good gifts." This excerpt from James is essential for Christians because it demonstrates the wickedness and sinfulness of humanity, reminding them that everything evil is from themselves; everything good is from God above, who is immutable.Thu, 15 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTExegetical Papersexegesisjamesimmutabilityhamartiologytemptationsoteriologynew-testamenthttps://theologan.org/articles/revelation-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/revelation-an-overview/Most scholars agree that the Book of Revelation is not pseudonymous, though they debate which John authored it: John the Apostle, John the Elder, an unknown John, John Mark, or John the Baptist. However, the latter two have not gained serious support, leaving the former three as potential authors of the Book. John identifies himself three times as the author of the Letter (1:1, 4, 9; 22:8), and throughout the Greek Book, the syntax and idiosyncrasies "that reflect Semitic syntax," demonstrate the author's native tongue of Galilean Hebrew.Thu, 15 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testamentrevelationjohn-the-apostleapocalypticeschatologyamillennialismnew-creationbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-westminster-confession-of-faith/https://theologan.org/articles/the-westminster-confession-of-faith/The Westminster Confession of Faith systematically represents the Christian faith and doctrine. Since its conception, it has been well received by Christians of all denominations and remains relevant for Christians and churches worldwide today. Primarily, the Confession "[is] as much used now in Anglo-Presbyterian Churches as ever, and [has] more vitality and influence than any other Calvinistic Confession."Thu, 15 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historywestminster-confessionreformedpresbyterianismwestminster-assemblysynod-of-dortconfessionsscripturehttps://theologan.org/articles/jude-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/jude-an-overview/While there is much debate surrounding the authorship of the Epistle of Jude, "there is no serious doubt that Jude, the full brother of James and half brother of Jesus, is the author of the book bearing his name." Jude's authorship is due to his introduction, "Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James (Jude 1)," and this self-attribution as the brother of James clarifies his identity. Jude's epithet is necessary in identifying himself as the Epistle's author as "James was much better known… but Jude is hardly mentioned elsewhere" except when he is mentioned alongside his brothers (Mark 3:21, 31; 6:3; Matt.Sat, 10 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testamentjudefalse-teachingapostasyjudgmentbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/1-peter-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/1-peter-an-overview/Martin Luther, the great Protestant and Lutheran reformer "recognized 1 Peter (along with the Gospel of John and Paul's Letters) as 'the true kernel and marrow of all the New Testament Books. For in them [readers]… find depicted in masterly fashion how faith in Christ overcomes sin, death, and hell, and gives life, righteousness, and salvation.'" The significance of 1 Peter throughout Church history, therefore, cannot be understated "as It is confidently woven into the fabric of Christian theology and identity."Sat, 03 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testament1-petersimon-petersufferingexilepersecutionholinessbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/theological-liberalism/https://theologan.org/articles/theological-liberalism/While sin and temptation are Satan's tools against individual Christians, sinful theological liberalism has been his main weapon against the Church as a whole for several hundred years. Influenced by philosophers such as Immanuel Kant, who "declared his age 'an age of criticism' and called readers to reject the authority of the church and the Bible," Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher (1768-1834) is known as the "father of modern theology" and, more specifically, the "father of modern liberal theology." While it can be said that theological liberalism began with Schleiermacher, events before his life contributed to the infiltration of liberal theology into the church.Sat, 03 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historyhistorical-theologyliberalismschleiermachertubingen-schoolhigher-criticismdowngrade-controversyspurgeonliberation-theologygutierrezhttps://theologan.org/articles/hebrews-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/hebrews-an-overview/Because the author of Hebrews is unknown, it can only be said that the Epistle is the work of "one of the [greatest] theologians of the New Testament." While it is unclear to whom this title belongs, there have been many assumed authors, such as the Apostle Paul. However, Pauline authorship is not accepted by many scholars today. Other candidates for the authorship of Hebrews include "Clement of Rome, Barnabas, Apollos, Luke, Silas, Priscilla, Philip, and even Mary the mother of Jesus." The obvious problem with these assumptions is that there are no known texts written by any of these supposed authors apart from Luke, and Lukan authorship is mostly refuted due to linguistic and rhetorical differences.Sat, 27 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testamenthebrewschristologyhigh-priestsuperiority-of-christmelchizedekbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/titus-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/titus-an-overview/In a similar fashion to all Pauline epistles, the Apostle Paul greets Titus by acknowledging himself as the author: "Paul, a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ" (Titus 1:1). For this reason and more, the Epistle to Titus was unequivocally attributed to the Apostle Paul, apart from Marcion, until the nineteenth century. Since then, it has been debated whether Titus constitutes pseudonymous literature of the early church or if Pauline authorship of various New Testament letters includes the Epistle to Titus.Sat, 20 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testamenttituspastoral-epistlespauline-authorshipeldersfalse-teachinggood-worksbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/constance-trent-dort/https://theologan.org/articles/constance-trent-dort/In the fourteenth and early fifteenth century, the Roman Catholic church was haunted by a period of papal contest. The papacy's move to Avignon was one that was supported by many and condemned by others. These events lead to two popes within Catholicism: a pope in Rome and another in Avignon.Sat, 13 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historychurch-historycouncil-of-trentsynod-of-dortcounter-reformationtulipcalvinismhttps://theologan.org/articles/philemon-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/philemon-an-overview/The Apostle Paul's authorship of Philemon, the shortest book in the New Testament, is uncontested by most of all New Testament Scholars. The only occasion of an argument against Pauline authorship was made by the Tubingen School in the nineteenth century and has since been dismissed as irrelevant and untrue.Sat, 13 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testamentphilemonpaulonesimusreconciliationprison-epistlesbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/1-corinthians-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/1-corinthians-an-overview/The first letter to the Corinthian church has Paul addressing a plethora of issues. The church at Corinth, plagued by "division (1-4), sexual immorality (5-7), and disordered worship (8-10)," is having a difficult time shaking off Greco-Roman values. However, this is not the first time that Paul writes to the Corinthian church.Sat, 06 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testament1-corinthianspaulgospel-centeredchurch-divisionsexual-immoralityworshiphttps://theologan.org/articles/romans-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/romans-an-overview/Paul begins the letter to the Romans with an introduction: "Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle, set apart for the Gospel of God" (Rom. 1:1). He immediately identifies himself as the letter's author and establishes genuine authority due to his apostleship and purpose as a minister of the Gospel.Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMTNew Testament Overviewsnew-testamentromanspaulrighteousnessjustificationbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-first-four-ecumenical-councils/https://theologan.org/articles/the-first-four-ecumenical-councils/The early church was characterized by both success and hardship. Christianity successfully took its place as a leading world religion despite persecution from the Roman Empire and later the Muslims. However, physical suffering was not the only issue that early Christians faced.Wed, 06 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMTChurch Historycouncilsnicaeaconstantinopleephesuschalcedonathanasian-creedchristologytrinityarianismnestorianismhttps://theologan.org/articles/missions-matter-transcript/https://theologan.org/articles/missions-matter-transcript/A short video on missions alongside its transcriptFri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologyevangelismgospel-presentationislamgreat-commissionvideo-transcripthttps://theologan.org/articles/evangelism-encounter/https://theologan.org/articles/evangelism-encounter/Coming into this assignment, and even previously in my Christian walk, I had never shared the Gospel with a stranger. I had plenty of experience talking about Jesus with my friends, family, and my peers, but the thought of approaching someone I did not know and sharing Jesus with them often left my stomach in knots. This assignment has helped tremendously to show that evangelism does not have to be scary.Sat, 04 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologyevangelismgreat-commissionislamdiscipleshiphttps://theologan.org/articles/kc-korean-baptist-church/https://theologan.org/articles/kc-korean-baptist-church/For the International Church Assignment, I was invited to visit Kansas City Korean Baptist Church by my good friend, Samad, who is ethnically half Korean and half Pakistani. While it was preferable to attend a church that worships in English, I did not want to pass upon the opportunity of hearing the saints worship in a language that I did not speak. Therefore, Samad offered to translate the service for me in order that I may understand, learn, and be edified by the church that was not a part of my own culture, yet living in the midst of it.Mon, 09 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologyecclesiologycross-cultural-worshipholy-spiritephesianschurch-unityhttps://theologan.org/articles/gisbertus-voetius/https://theologan.org/articles/gisbertus-voetius/Gisbertus Voetius, a pioneer in terms of Protestant missiology and a Dutch Reformed theologian, served the Lord on this Earth from 1589-1676. He was a minister, theologian, and professor during a vital time in European Christianity called the Dutch Second Reformation or Further Reformation, a continuation of the Protestant Reformation in the Netherlands. Voetius was the first Protestant theologian to write a complete, comprehensive missiological work.Sat, 16 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMTBiographiesbiographygisbertus-voetiusmissiologyreformed-scholasticismsynod-of-dortgreat-commissiondutch-reformedmissio-deihttps://theologan.org/articles/theodicy/https://theologan.org/articles/theodicy/Theodicy is concerned with answering the question "if God is sovereign and good, then why does He allow evil and suffering in the world?" While there are many conclusions to this question, the most prominent one found in the Old Testament comes from the books of Job, Ecclesiastes, and Habakkuk. They conclude and posit that God allows evil in the world according to His own will and purpose, of which we are not capable of understanding in our present, human state.Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamenttheodicysufferingproblem-of-eviljobecclesiasteshabakkukprovidencehttps://theologan.org/articles/micah-covenants-chart/https://theologan.org/articles/micah-covenants-chart/The prophetic book of Micah is a ridicule of sin, a call to repentance, and a guarantee that the Lord will hold fast to His word and deliver on His covenantal promises. While characteristics of the Abrahamic and Davidic covenants are expressed throughout the book, the most evident characteristics, as demonstrated by the chart below, are those of the Mosaic covenant. This is due to Micah's firm critique of Israel's sin and its consequences.Sat, 15 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamentmicahcovenantmosaic-covenantabrahamic-covenantdavidic-covenantprophetshttps://theologan.org/articles/baptist-ecclesiology/https://theologan.org/articles/baptist-ecclesiology/This short essay will concern itself with the ecclesiology of the Baptist denomination. However, it will do so by following Scriptural prescriptions and doctrines found within the Bible. It will look at the topics of the church's view on its own purpose, membership, disciplinary action, leadership, Baptism, the Lord's Supper, relationship with other churches, and the relationship it has with the state and politics.Thu, 04 May 2023 00:00:00 GMTEcclesiology & Sacramentsecclesiologybaptistchurch-membershipchurch-disciplinebaptismlords-supperpolityhttps://theologan.org/articles/finish-the-mission/https://theologan.org/articles/finish-the-mission/While this helpful book on missions was written by many authors, it was edited by David Mathis and John Piper. Mathis is the executive director of Desiring God and serves as an elder at Bethlehem Baptist Church in Twin Cities, Minnesota. He earned his degree from Furman University and, at the time this book was published, was completing a degree at Reformed Theological Seminary.Thu, 09 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewmissiologyjohn-piperdavid-mathisgreat-commissionunreached-peopleschristian-hedonismhttps://theologan.org/articles/missions-and-evangelism/https://theologan.org/articles/missions-and-evangelism/Before Jesus ascended to the right hand of God, He said something significant to His disciples: "Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age" (Matt. 28:19-20). This exhortation is what Christians call the Great Commission, and the profound statement that follows it is what Christians depend on to accomplish the Great Commission.Sat, 04 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologyevangelismgreat-commissioncontextualizationincarnational-ministrychurch-plantingmissio-deihttps://theologan.org/articles/church-as-an-automobile/https://theologan.org/articles/church-as-an-automobile/The church is a lot like an automobile. It is composed of parts that work together to carry passengers down the road. Similarly, the church as a body is made up of parts.Sat, 04 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministryecclesiologyleadershippastoral-ministrychurch-officeseldersdeaconshttps://theologan.org/articles/muslim-converts/https://theologan.org/articles/muslim-converts/Following a new religion is a life changing experience. Often, when one accepts a new religion as their own they carry certain characteristics from their old religion into the new one. This synthesis of religions is common in Christian converts from Islam.Sun, 26 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologyislamconversionevangelismsyncretismtrinityreaction-paperhttps://theologan.org/articles/sukuma-and-folk-islam/https://theologan.org/articles/sukuma-and-folk-islam/The Sukuma people of Tanzania represent an example of a folk religion. However, they are not participants in Islam or folk Islam. They rather practice a religion that is relevant for them only as it is entirely dependent on their cultural context and location.Sun, 26 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologyfolk-religionislamsukumaworld-religionstanzaniareaction-paperhttps://theologan.org/articles/child-abuse-prevention/https://theologan.org/articles/child-abuse-prevention/Reju, Deepak. On Guard: Preventing and Responding to Child Abuse at Church. Greensboro, NC: New Growth Press, 2014. 210 pp.Sat, 25 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministrypastoral-ministrychild-protectionecclesiologychurch-administrationleadershiphttps://theologan.org/articles/theological-training-and-clarity/https://theologan.org/articles/theological-training-and-clarity/Missionary trips can be a very spiritually strenuous undertaking. Because of this, it is best that missionaries arrive at their destination after they have been theologically trained to carry the Gospel to the nations of the world or various communities in their own nation. This theological training ahead of time prepares them for their mission and helps them to clearly display and tell of God's Gospel to the lost.Sun, 19 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologytheological-educationmissionary-trainingevangelismreaction-paperhttps://theologan.org/articles/evaluation-of-church-budgets/https://theologan.org/articles/evaluation-of-church-budgets/Just like any other entity in the world that has a constant flow of money and resources, churches have to manage their finances. However, this management is not like any other management. It is a stewarding of the resources that God has given a church to use for His glory and His people.Sat, 11 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministryecclesiologypastoral-ministrystewardshipchurch-administrationleadershiphttps://theologan.org/articles/5000-missionaries/https://theologan.org/articles/5000-missionaries/A strategy reaction paper on the reading above.Sun, 05 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologymissions-strategyunreached-peoplesgreat-commissionchurch-plantingreaction-paperhttps://theologan.org/articles/evaluation-of-church-offices/https://theologan.org/articles/evaluation-of-church-offices/Scriptural texts like 1 Corinthians 12, Romans 14, and Ephesians 4 make it clear that the body of Christ is composed of a variety of parts. These parts are due to different gifts that the Lord has given to His people. There are ministerial parts, composed of elders, which includes pastors and overseers, and deacons.Sat, 04 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministryecclesiologychurch-officeseldersdeaconspastoral-ministrypolityhttps://theologan.org/articles/cross-cultural-communication/https://theologan.org/articles/cross-cultural-communication/A Unit 2 reaction paper on the reading above.Sun, 29 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologycross-cultural-communicationcontextualizationglobal-missionsreaction-paperhttps://theologan.org/articles/gospel-contextualization/https://theologan.org/articles/gospel-contextualization/Should a Christian contextualize the Gospel and pretend to be a Muslim in order to become better missionaries for the sake of Muslims? While this theory may seem like a good idea, it is far more faulty for Christians to lie about their religion rather than being honest about it. If this make-believe facade of reverence were put on by a Christian and Muslims found out, it could be very detrimental to the established relationships and opportunities to witness to the Muslims would be reduced.Sun, 29 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologycontextualizationislamevangelismglobal-missionsinsider-movementshttps://theologan.org/articles/maturity-and-unity/https://theologan.org/articles/maturity-and-unity/Ephesians 4:7-16 is a wonderful passage that explains how Jesus gifted the church with the Apostles and elders in order for them to be "[His] assistants [in] shepherding His churches." By examining this section of Scripture, readers will come to understand that Christ is the chief administrator over all other administrators, including the administrators and leaders He establishes, and the church offices are to communicate God's Word and promote unity under the headship of Christ.Sat, 28 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMTExegetical Papersnew-testamentephesianschurch-officesspiritual-giftsecclesiologychrist-headshipexegesishttps://theologan.org/articles/identificationalism-vs-extractionalism/https://theologan.org/articles/identificationalism-vs-extractionalism/A Unit 1 reaction paper on the reading above.Sun, 22 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMTMissiology & Evangelismmissiologycontextualizationidentificationalismextractionalismglobal-missionsreaction-paperhttps://theologan.org/articles/the-plot-to-kill-jesus/https://theologan.org/articles/the-plot-to-kill-jesus/John 11:45-57 is a very interesting section of Scripture where the story of Jesus' life begins to really speed up and become more dramatic. If the prior text of the Gospel of John was an upward sloped hill, verse 45 is where the hill turns to a mountain. In other words, the historical account of Jesus in the Gospel of John begins to become more profound and intense at the time that Jesus' fame increases significantly after the raising of Lazarus.Thu, 08 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMTExegetical Papersnew-testamentgospel-of-johnexegesiscaiaphaslazarusgod-sovereigntyatonementhermeneuticshttps://theologan.org/articles/resolved-to-be-like-jesus/https://theologan.org/articles/resolved-to-be-like-jesus/There are many characteristics of a Christian leader. Leading as a Christian requires humility, service, candor, ambition, balance, intentionality, and many other characteristics. However, to explain Christian leadership through characteristics in a short essay is a tremendous task.Wed, 07 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMTLeadership & Pastoral Ministryleadershippastoral-ministrychristologysanctificationprayerreformedhttps://theologan.org/articles/daniel-teaching-outline/https://theologan.org/articles/daniel-teaching-outline/1. Prayer 2. Introduction - Ask a question about crazy dreams and prophecy - An anecdote about a personal dream 3. Summarize The Book of Daniel - Ch. 1: Prologue - Ch.Tue, 06 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamentdanielprophecyseventy-weekskingdom-of-godgod-sovereigntyhttps://theologan.org/articles/daniel-an-overview/https://theologan.org/articles/daniel-an-overview/Daniel is one of the most debated books of the Bible amongst different spheres of Christian beliefs and denominations. However, when understood correctly, it is also one of the most humbling, edifying, and sanctifying sections of the Holy Scripture.Fri, 02 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamentdanielexilebabylongod-sovereigntyapocalyptickingdom-of-godbiblical-overviewhttps://theologan.org/articles/kingship-old-and-new-testaments/https://theologan.org/articles/kingship-old-and-new-testaments/There are many kings in the Old Testament. Ever since the Israelites first requested a king in 1 Samuel 8, there has been one in charge over the land. These kings have been both bad and good and some do the will of the Lord and others do not.Fri, 02 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamentkingshipdavidic-covenantchristologymessianic-prophecytypologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/spiritual-leadership-sanders-review/https://theologan.org/articles/spiritual-leadership-sanders-review/Sanders, J. Oswald. Spiritual Leadership: Principles of Excellence for Every Believer. Chicago, IL: Moody Publishers, 2007. 244 pp. $15.99.Fri, 18 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewleadershippastoral-ministryservanthoodsanctificationhttps://theologan.org/articles/lloyd-jones-on-the-christian-life/https://theologan.org/articles/lloyd-jones-on-the-christian-life/Author, Jason Meyer, sets out in the book, Lloyd-Jones on the Christian Life: Doctrine and Life as Fuel and Fire, to tell and inspire other Christians about the God-fearing life of Martyn Lloyd-Jones. Moreover, Meyer seeks to accomplish a more specific goal in his work: to remind Christians "that according to Lloyd-Jones, the Christian life is doctrine of fire" (p. 21).Fri, 11 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewmartyn-lloyd-jonesjason-meyerbiographyreformedpreachingholy-spiritsanctificationhttps://theologan.org/articles/multi-directional-leader-wax-review/https://theologan.org/articles/multi-directional-leader-wax-review/Wax, Trevin. The Multi-Directional Leader: Responding Wisely to Challenges from Every Side. Austin, TX: The Gospel Coalition, 2021. 88 pp. $14.99.Fri, 04 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewleadershippastoral-ministryecclesiologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/roles-husbands-wives-genesis/https://theologan.org/articles/roles-husbands-wives-genesis/Genesis 2-3 is a beautiful story where God's faithfulness, care, and atoning for sin are first revealed. Many people are probably familiar with this first propitiatory sacrifice of God on behalf of men and women: "[t]he Lord God made garments of skin for Adam and his wife, and clothed them" (Gen 3:21). However, this section of scripture has much more to share than the simple clothing of Adam and his wife.Fri, 07 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamentgenesismarriagecomplementarianismthe-fallchrist-and-churchtypologybiblical-theologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/genealogies-in-genesis/https://theologan.org/articles/genealogies-in-genesis/The first book of the Old Testament, Genesis, is a historical narrative about the origin of the world and the history of ancient Israel leading up to the time of Israel's slavery in Egypt. Throughout the book, there are a few things that should stand out: the literary structure, the genealogies, and the "seed" theme found in Genesis 3:15. The literary structure of Genesis is built around the idea of genealogies that trace back to the seed of the woman.Fri, 07 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMTOld Testament Papersold-testamentgenesisgenealogyseed-of-the-womanprotoevangeliumtypologybiblical-theologychristologyhttps://theologan.org/articles/when-people-are-big-and-god-is-small/https://theologan.org/articles/when-people-are-big-and-god-is-small/Edward Welch, a decorated author and counselor, earned his M.Div. degree from Biblical Theological Seminary and his Ph.D. in counseling psychology from the University of Utah in 1981. The same year, he started work for both the Christian Counseling and Educational Foundation (CCEF) and Westminster Theological Seminary where he serves as the director of counseling/academic dean and professor of practical theology, respectively.Fri, 07 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewedward-welchbiblical-counselingsanctificationleadershiphttps://theologan.org/articles/lead-tripp-book-review/https://theologan.org/articles/lead-tripp-book-review/Tripp, Paul D. Lead: 12 Gospel Principles for Leadership in the Church. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2020. 231 pp. $26.99.Fri, 23 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMTBook Reviewsbook-reviewleadershippastoral-ministrygospel-centeredecclesiology